Inorganic ions are dissolved mineral salts and charged impurities present in water. These include positively charged ions such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and iron, and negatively charged ions such as chloride, sulfate, nitrate, bicarbonate and silica-related species.
Inorganic ions are among the most important impurities in laboratory water because they directly affect conductivity and resistivity. High-quality purified and ultrapure water requires very low ionic contamination.
Inorganic ions increase conductivity and reduce resistivity. This can directly affect applications requiring high-purity water. Calcium and magnesium can cause scaling in RO membranes. Sodium, chloride, nitrate and sulfate can pass into downstream purification stages if RO or ion exchange performance is poor.
Inorganic contamination can cause:
Trace metals are especially important in ICP-OES and ICP-MS applications, where even very small contamination can affect results.
Inorganic ions are controlled using:
The purification design depends on feed water ionic load and the required final water grade.
Inorganic ions may affect:
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TKA Ultrapure Water Technologies India Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian company focused on the design, manufacture and support of laboratory water purification systems… Read More
